Dr. Shreesh K. Pathak

Abstract  In the global arena of affairs, presence of emerging India is clearly visible. As the country has successfully  positioned itself as one of the core members of influential nations of the world, the security scenario of India has attracted more vulnerability and complexities like never before. The roots of challenges for India's security belong not only to regional and international level but also it spurts from within. Anti-Indian elements from within and from the region continuously pose serious threats to the internal security complex of India. The role of India's borders is very crucial in this context. Various threats can be dealt by securing the borders efficiently. But the borders of India are not identical in nature and problems and they vary not only in geographical features but also in social and cultural features. Each border receives a different kind of treatment from aligning countries accordingly the existing mutual relationship. If the border area peop

Dr. Shreesh South Asia is animportant region as not only masters of geopolitics suggest but also it marks its prominent presence in the arena of global economics and global politics.Regional Integration Agreements (RIAs) have been around for hundreds of years. Most of the countries of the world are members of a bloc, and many belong to more than one. In South Asia, South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an emerging trading bloc. The total trade of the bloc has improved after the creation of the agreement.Quite apart from the general opening up, the countries in the region also began to see increased cooperation and trade among themselves, as a key objective. This was reflected partially in the founding of the SAARC in 1985 by a group of seven South Asian countries, namely, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Later on, Afghanistan also joined as a full member of SAARC on April 3, 2007. i Regional integration is a process in which sta